The Paradoxical Twins Acme and Omega Electronics Essay Example for Free

The Paradoxical Twins circus tent and Omega Electronics EssayFrom reading this case study I found that Acme and Omega have problems that aim to be looked at. Both firms produce similar products and offer similar services. In this assignment I am going to analyse the forms of control used in Acme and Omega. I will excessively seek and comment on both firms effectiveness. I will try to be thorough as possible. I will first begin to give brief background information on both companies and then try to compare them to one another and try to comment on their effectiveness to the full. To end it I will give my conclusion. From looking into Acme I gained knowledge that its death chair John Tyler is a re bothy tough going individual. He is portrayed to be an autocratic individual. I say this because he tends to communicate in one way, for example what he says goes.He makes all the decisions and gives out all instructions and orders, expecting them to be obeyed, without question. An employee/ manager categories the professorship as one man band. He receives that John Tyler should try and give to a greater extent information rather than giving orders. He besides does not take suggestions from people. To me it looks as if there is a slight communication problem. There are time when I wished I had little more(prenominal) information about what is going on. This shows Acme employees are kept in the dark Mushroom management prolong the troop in the dark and pile on the _ _ _ _( sue). The managers also feel that they need a little more freedom at work. This shows that John Tyler may be pressurising them constantly. To back up my point near of the managers voiced the desire to have a little more latitude in their jobs The president also is make to look like a tough person and runs the firm headspring in terms of high standards and serious production levels. Managers feel that he runs a tight ship. This shows that he wants everything correct and dead on.This on the other hand shows that Acme has good control and is well structured. Acme is a level and formal structured organisation, this is an advantage as it is easier to spot problems i.e. communication problem, shows how different sections of the firm relate to each other, it shows who is in charge, who makes and carries the decisions and shows individuals where there positions in the firm is. Having a flat structure makes it quick to solve problems, less roumous and gossip. Tyler seems like a very confident and strong minded person We have been able to throw Omega regularly for the most makeable contracts thereby, increasing our profits. John Tylers attitude resembles F.W Taylor (1911) views. He cogitated that these 5 principles increased production 1. A clear division of tasks and responsibilities amidst management and workers 2. Use of Scientific methods to deter exploit the best way of doing a job.Read moreThe Paradoxical Twins ACME and Omega Electronics3. Scientific survi val of the fittest of the person to do the newly job. 4. The training of the selected worker to perform the job in the way specified. 5. Enthusiastic co-operation with the workers to ensure that the work was performed in accordance with scientific management principles and this was secured by use of economic incentives. John Tyler carries out methods and procedures the classical way. From reading inside Omega I found that the president Jim Rawls did not believe in organisational graphs/ structures. Organisation charts just put artificial barriers between specialists who should be working together. Although I calculate that Omega is a matrix organisation. I feel that not having an organisational structure does not clearly show what position the employee has in the firm, so causes problems within the work force as workers will work in any department.This means that the individual may feel that s/he does not have full responsibilities. The worker also would not have a clear job descr iption, this may effect the firms effectiveness. To back up my point of workers not having a clear job description a worker verbalise When I first got here I wasnt sure what I was supposed to do. One day I worked with some mechanical engineers the next day I helped the shipping department design some packing cartons. This overall atomic reactor cause low working standards and low morale- low production output. Jim Rawls felt that having an organisational chart would create problems between specialists. I also deduced that Omega had no clear form of communication. I say this because he does not allow written memos, he expressed the plant is small if people want to communicate they can just drop by and talk things over. Employees of Omega complained that this was a waste of time. To me liberty chit round is time consuming and gives workers excuse of talking to one another, this slows down production and performance. Also subject matters can be misleading if someone passes the wro ng message out.This can also cause problems as workers will not get the correct information. Most decisions at Omega were made by the management team. Acme has an organisation structure therefore communication is good although there are improvements that need to be made like the way John Tyler communicates with his managers. Whereas Omega has no structure therefore is causing problems within the firm. Ames president is a person who wants everything perfect. He believes his firms greater effectiveness to his mangers is to run a tight ship. This I think is because his firm would have * Good control * Good communication * Dept functions * Well structured and organised * Has simple reporting relationship * Concentration on skills. This shows Acmes president has a firm grip whereas Omegas president does not, he seems to be more laid back.Acmes president is autocratic leader as he does what he wants and does not take other workers/ mangers opinions or suggestions into consideration. The a dvantage of an autocratic style is known as efficient and it is essential in some circumstances. Autocratic leadership produces quicker decisions, however the autocratic style creates frustrations and resentment. Whereas Omegas president is a democratic leader, as he seeks the opinions and suggestions of workers. This shows that he shows interest in his workers. Although he sometimes spends too untold of his time informing workers of information. Omegas decisions are made by management team whereas Acmes decisions are made by the president. Acmes president demands rather than speak politely demanded that mechanically skillful technology begins building those damn chassis. On the other hand Jim Rawls spends too much of his time listening to suggestion Jim spends too much time and mine making sure everyone understands what were doing and listening to suggestions. From reading the part where both firms are trying to reach the deadline of completing the units on time and successfully I can comment on both firms. I think Acme did well because of the way they communicated. For example John Tyler sent out a memo to all departments stating the critical time constraints of this job and how he expected that everyone would perform as efficiently as they had in the past. This showed that Tyler was controlling his employees. Although John Tyler put a lot of pressure on his employees.Because Acme had a structure, this allowed them to be well organised, therefore helped and keep everything in control. Whilst trying to complete the units John Tyler and the Head of Industrial Engineering fell into a dilemma. dont bother me with method details now. The Head of Industrial then replies if my boss think our output is needed, to hell with him. This shows that they both cant work well and communicate with each other. This to me seems like both of these individuals are not working together very professionally. The foreman also didnt listen to the method engineers therefore this slowed down Acme from completing the units. When the units were completed John Tyler should have checked more than just one component as this was not very professional. Acmes president needs to consider taking his workers opinions and suggestions. He should try to talk to them rather than demanding on what he wants. From looking at the way Omega was preparing to complete the units for the photocopier Jim Rawls gave good advise compared to Tyler. Jim Rawls did not pressure his workers but told his workers what to prepare for.He outlined what the job involved and discussed what was to be started on. Omegas workers seemed to be very organised and methodical, they worked well and communicated well with each other compared to Acmes workers. For example when they decide to check the blue prints all of the engineers agreed after checking and rechecking the blue prints. To back up that they worked well together as a team people from Mechanical Engineering and Electrical Engineering spent Mo nday night redesigning the cable. This relates to R. Likert 1961. He believed that the structure of an organisation should be formed around effective work groups rather than individuals.He proposed the concept of the overlapping group sectionship structure. This involved a linking pin process in which the superior member of one group was subordinate member of group above. Likert argued that the benefits of such an organisations design include improved communication increased co- operation and more team consignment and faster decision making. Overall I think Acme got the contract due to many reasons, for example Acme had a structure therefore made it look like Acme has good control. Acme also may have been given the final contract because of there past, as they achieved grater net profit than Omega Acme was consistently more effective than Omega and regularly achieved greater net profit. Acmes annual sales was also higher than Omegas.Acmes president was also a very confident and d emanding man therefore it makes the firm look strong Tyler was very confident that had the demand not been so great, its competitor would not have survived. In the end Acme reduced there costs by 20% therefore the photocopier manufacture gave them the contact as it would have been more cheaper to buy units. Omega could have used the same tactics/methods but this may not have been the only thing that could have given them the contract. Things that I could suggest that may have given them the contact would be if they were a larger firm with a clear structure to show that they have some sort of control.

An Spanish American War History Essay

An Spanish American War History EssayThis paper discusses about the war between Spain and United States and the summaries the causes of Spanish and American war. It also details the significant events during the Spanish-American war. This paper describes the important terms, flock and events of Spanish -American war. It examines the Spanish-Cuban Tensions and the Yellow Journalism of Spanish -American war. This paper also provides the American Imperialism and Treaty of genus Paris. It states the cause of the Treaty of Paris during the Spanish-American war. This paper concludes this concept by providing the essential concept of Spanish-American war.Spanish- American WarSummary of Spanish- American warThe Spanish-American war was a infringe between America and Spain in 1898 effectively due to the disturbance of US in the ongoing Cuban War of Independence. United States was attacked peaceable possessions of Spain led to the sake in the font of Philippine Revolution as well as to P hilippine- American war. The public opinion of America was grown at reports of Spanish Atrocities in Cuba. United States tariff had put restrictions on sugar imports to America and severely hurt the economy of Cuba that was dependent on the producing and selling sugar.The main issue was that Cuban independence, the ten-week war was fought in the gaucherie of both Caribbean and Pacific. United States had many business men with the investment interests in the case of Cuba that became concerned. The public of United States was stirred into anti- Spain delirium due to the Yellow journalism of men including Hearst and Pulitzer. In 1898, America was dispatched the USS Maine on a friendly mission to Cuba. American fought the war in the case of fronts such(prenominal) as Cuba after the declaration. In 1898, the Treaty of Paris was signed in order to ending the Spanish- American war.After the Spanish-American war, America was improved Cuba in the case of infrastructure and educational syst ems and United States had also decided to move from their places. In 1901, America was forced Cuba for inserting the Platt Amendment in the case of their constitution that have given the US military base. America was also kept the Island countries for ships in Cuba. This is the summary of Spanish-American war.Increasing Spanish-Cuban Tensions (19th century)Cuba had been a colony of Spain and this Spain was dependent upon sugar production. In 19th century, many people in Cuba were dissatisfied with the ruling Spanish regime. The government of Spanish was also riddled with the inefficient, corruption and unwilling for granting Cuban populations. As a result, nationalist of Cuban people wanted for ending Spanish rule for the protection of Cuban. After the war, Spanish promised reforms and but the nationalists assumed this too late. The Spanish would leave for US intervention and because of American had significant frugal investment in Cuba.In 1896, the Spanish was sent the ecumenical to Cuba in order to putting down the insurrection and the general was built the camps in order to prevent the insurrectos from leading population against Spanish rule. In Cuba, the segments of US public were outraged by the reports of atrocities. In 1895, Cuban repel included a general opposition to a long history of Spanish control. The tariff raised prices in the sugar products that were imported from Cuba in the case of protecting US sugar growers.American Imperialism (1898)The imperialist behaviour of United States was occurred in 1898 that has been a great historical attention. America had commonly claimed for standing in opposition for the practising of taking of colonies to be democracy for all. During this war, the German and British were the famous countries and those countries were not involved in Spanish- American war. This war was required the help of these devil countries in the event of serious fighting. United Kingdom required for offsetting German intimidation in order to foster better relation between Britain and America.The foundation troops of America were arrived in the Philippines and the US troops allied with the Filipino for fighting against Spain. This Spanish and American war proved the importance of Pacific Islands among to these countries. The Pacific cross road was used for supplying the US Navy in future operations in Pacific Islands. In 1898, Hawaii could be slow performed as a coaling station without formal annexation and because American businessmen had also controlled the Island anyway. The imperialism of American was anti-colonialism of the early republic and but conscious options dependent upon the economic motivations and that held true before 1898. This was the imperialism of United States.Treaty of Paris (1898)The Treaty of Paris was the agreement that was signed on 1898 at the end of Spanish- American war. The Treaty of Paris also indicated the concluded stage of Spanish Empire and the Pacific Ocean. The Treaty of Pa ris granted to United States the rights of Ownership to Guam and Puerto Rico. After the agreement, Cuba region was given to Cuban in the case of Treaty of Paris of 1989 and the Spain was considered the tremendous financial debt Cuba owed towards United States. America agreed in order to paying twenty million dollars for the Philippines gibe to their agreement.The Treaty of Paris was also eliminated the presence of Spanish Empire with the America and in the case of Islands of the Pacific region. The Treaty of Paris was also made several(prenominal) privileges to Cuba and the Cuban people were satisfied with this agreement. After the agreement, America decided to replace from Cubans place and they constructed many elements for the enhancement of Cuban people.ConclusionThe

The Pedagogy Verses Andragogy

The Pedagogy Verses AndragogyJarvis expanded theory of transformation of the person through breeding prepositions an argument for the andragogical model and the way in which magnanimouss learn. Given the whole step and extent of experiences an braggy gains throughout life-span these experiences are shaped and molded by societal roles and tasks, and according to K at one timeles (1984) will be employ as a reservoir of learning. A desire for knowledge or to engage the learning dish up, oftentimes identified as eagerness to learn, is stimulated by experiencing motivating shifts in ane developmental task to a nonher or by an important life episode, creating an adjustment in behavior that leads to improvement in some characteristic of our person-to-person be. Laher (2007) indicates that such movement on the individuals development, leads to a alteration from a subject-centered academic orientation to a problem-centered academic orientation to learning, due(p) mainly in solv ent to changing life occurrences.This paper will evaluate 1) the role that complaisant form plays from an a anadragogical approach with adult learners, 2) the responsibility of high information institutions in facilitating adult training, and 3) briefly discuss a comparison between the role of educational activity and andragogy approaches.Social Change And Adult LearnersIn terms of social mixed bag and the adult learner several factors are to be carefully considered. These would necessitate attending to social recognition of learners and ringing barriers to the learning subprogram, reaching disadvantaged learners, fostering critical reflection associated with the process and ensuring experiential learning, and preparation for social action and community development. All of these efforts would treat to contribute to the value of college education among adult learners. Mason (2003) notes that angiotensin converting enzyme assumption that should be considered is the instal lation of learners to be self-directed, self- move, and personally resourceful.Those learners experiencing disadvantage or who lack social recognition, or experience inequality as to access to educational opportunities may result in feelings of insecurity or uncertainty when approaching self-directed academics thus resulting in feelings of inadequacy or low self-esteem, borne out by the extent of their disadvantage and the main motivation for learning. Therefore, Merriam, et al. (2007) and her colleagues suggest that empowering learners to act involves a number of tasks. Facilitating an environment for adult learners so that they could create a kindreds of equality is strike in developing skills use uped to contribute to meaningful participation in adult curriculum programming at the university level. Having a role in collegiate democracy such as problem-definition, identification of adult student needs, problem-solving, and decision-making structures and the development of crit ical reflection allows adult students to become more invested in the educational process and increases personal investment (pp. 23-27)Engagement at this level and the opportunities it provides will increase a sense of academic cohesion, groups of adult learners working to carry out social change actions and individual learners moving into opportunities for engagement that address this populations academic needs will help facilitate learning environments that provide academic experiences upon which adult students spate obtain valuable successes, get to confidence and reach academic goals.Experiential learning or education also helps adult learners identify their skillsand strengths in coiffure to devise progression options, and to become agents of their ownlearning (Connolly, 2002, p. 7). much(prenominal) learning then is not only the responsibility of the individual learner, but must gestate a conduit by which learning is facilitated. The following fraction of this paper will address the responsibility of the higher education institutions role in adult education and the individual learner.Responsibility of Higher Education InstitutionsThis section of the paper proposes the importance of institutions of higher education role in both providing and facilitating adult education with hold curriculum and strategies to enhance the adult learning experience. Higher education institutions goals and objectives could be adjusted to fit the learner and provide maximum opportunity to synthesize exist knowledge with new information by designing curricula that experientially relate to the learners developmental stage.The number of adults entering learning situations later in life is growing due to rapid displacement, advancements in shifts in the job market, technological demands, and movement of employment overseas. Merriam, et al. (2007) and her colleagues indicate that dickens best predicators of adult participation in a states higher education system were availa bility of undergraduate education (number of seats available, public and private) and educational attainment of the states adult population (percentage of adults with high school or higher) (p.69). Such responses to a voluntary or involuntary transition in their lives, such as seeking education to maintain current employment or to change careers, has necessitated a return to college for galore(postnominal) older adults. It becomes the obligation of higher education institutions to adjust teaching strategies, curriculum, goals, and objectives to make headway learning success in adult learners.To promote external social change and to provide optimum learning environments for older adult learners requires adjusting strategies in curricula and delivery of the curriculum. Therefore, the next section of this paper will address the important nature of the adult learner and the origins of the andragogical principles and theory.Pedagogy Verses AndragogyThis section of the paper will briefl y review insights with regard to the relationship betweenthe pedagogy and andragogy principles and the adult learner. The leading form of teaching in America is pedagogy, or informative, conventional, or teacher-directed method. A different method in terms of instructing adult learners is andragogy. The purpose of this section is to provide the reader with background information regarding both instructional forms.Pedagogical Assumptions. The pedagogical model of instruction was originally developed from Greek, meaning the art and recognition of teaching children. In the pedagogical model, the teacher has full responsibility for making decisions about what will be learned, how it will be learned, when it will be learned, and if the clobber has been learned. Pedagogy, places the student in a submissive role requiring obedience to the teachers instructions. It is based on the assumption that learners need to know only what the teacher teaches them. The result is a teaching and learn ing methodology that promotes dependency on the instructor (Knowles, 1984).The pedagogical model has been most use method applied equally to the teaching of children and adults and is seen as a contradiction in terms. As Knowles (1984) would suggest The reason this contradiction exists is as adults mature, they become increasingly independent and responsible for their own actions. They are often motivated to learn by a sincere desire to solve immediate problems in their lives. Additionally, they oblige an increasing need to be self-directing. In many ways the pedagogical model does not account for such developmental changes on the part of adults, and thus produces tension, resentment, and resistance in individuals (Knowles, 1984).According to Ozuah (2005), pedagogical theory emphasized five major points the lack of experience, dependency (in terms of self concept), external motivation, content oriented learning, and readiness to learn. Due to their relatively short lifetimes, child ren do not have the opportunity to gain much useful experience from many life events or developmental tasks. As a result, children rely on teacher and/or adult guidance to fill the void and provide the information with predetermined course content, to create a frame of reference upon which to build new learning (Knowles, 1984). Furthermore, what little experience children do have is perceived within their limited cognitive abilities.Other factors of pedagogy are also in opposition to the nature of andragogical principles. Children are dependent upon adults for direction and guidance, in terms of learning, the dependent child looks to teachers for guidance as to learning needs, children are basically outwardly motivated to reach the goals set, not by them, but by teachers and parents. Berk (2004) insinuates that youth are concrete cognitive operational thinkers and operate in the here and now concept of achievement and notes until they are capable to thinking more in the abstract, th ey are not able to apply current learning to future experiences.In pedagogical methodology, a childs readiness to learn is driven by measurable achievement goals rather than developmental tasks. As childrens goals are externally pre-determined by teachers and parents, their readiness to learn aligns with adult expectations of them rather than their own. In other words, childrens readiness to learn is highly correlated with content achievement, as is their dependency on teachers to know what it is they need to learn. Imel (1989) suggest that Knowles strongly believed that through a comparison of pedagogical, teacher oriented methodology with andragogical, differences between adults and pre-adults would be clearly evident.Andragogical Assumptions. Andragogy as a system of ideas, concepts, and approaches to adult learning was introduced to adult educators in the United States by Malcolm Knowles. Knowles a professor of adult education at Boston University, introduced the term andragogy which he defined as the art and science of helping adults learn in 1968. By 1980 he suggested the following. . . andragogy is simply another model of assumptions about adult learners to be used alongside the pedagogical model, thereby providing two alternative models for testing out the assumptions as to their fit with particular situations. Furthermore, the models are probably most useful when seen not as dichotomous but rather as two ends of a spectrum, with a realistic assumption (about learners) in a given situation locomote in between the two ends (Knowles, 1980, p. 43 ).The andragogical model as conceived by Knowles is predicated on four basic assumptions about learners, all of which have some relationship to our notions about a learners ability, need, and desire to cultivate responsibility for learningTheir self-concept moves from dependency to independency or self-directedness.They accumulate a reservoir of experiences that can be used as a basis on which to build learning .Their readiness to learn becomes increasingly associated with the developmental tasks of social roles.Their time and curricular perspectives change from postponed to immediacy of exercise and from subject-centeredness to performance-centeredness (1980, pp. 44-45).The growth and development of andragogy as an alternative model of instruction has helped to improve the teaching of adults. Andragogy as a concept and set of assumptions is a system subdivided into pedagogy (dealing with youth education) and andragogy (concerned with adult education). There is some variety, too, in the application of related terms. Some countries use adult pedagogy, one (the Soviet Union) uses the term auto didactic among others to refer to adult education activities, and a few countries use andragology to refer to andragogical science (Knoll, 1981, p. 92). Outside of North America there actually are two dominant viewpoints . . . one by which the theoretical framework of adult education is found in pedag ogy or its branch, adult pedagogy . . . and the other by which the theoretical framework of adult education is found in andragogy . . . as a relatively independent science that includes a whole system of andragogic disciplines (Savicevic, 1981, p. 88).Knowles (1975) in contrast to child learners suggest that adult learners evolve in the area of self-directed learning. One immediate reason was the emerging evidence that people who take initiative in educational activities seem to learn more and learn things better then what resulted from more passive individuals. He noted a game reason that self-directed learning appears more in tune with our natural process of psychological development (1975, p. 14). Knowles observed that an essential aspect of the maturation process is the development of an ability to take increasing responsibility for life. A third reason was the observation that the many evolving educational innovations (nontraditional programs, Open University, weekend colleges , etc.) throughout the human race require that learners assume a heavy responsibility and initiative in their own learning.SummaryThis paper has provided a review regarding the research on approaches to adult learning in theory and practice. Additionally, consideration was given to role social change has played in adult learning programming and community outreach opportunities for this population. state were both success in reaching disadvantaged learners and those under-represented. The review of literature also confirms community education works particularly well for those adult learners who have experienced educational successes in high school and who have access to college courses and affordable course work.However, it is clear that andragogy and Malcolm Knowles have brought considerable attention to the adult education field as a separate field during the past three decades. Applied correctly, the andragogical approach to teaching and learning in the hands of a adroit and de dicated facilitator can make a positive impact on the adult learner.Knowles introduction of andragogy was predicated on four basic assumptions drawn on the learning differences between adults and children. With maturity and age, an individuals self concept becomes less dependent and more self directed while accumulating a wealth of valuable experience that would serve the learner when readiness to learn is reflected. Additionally, Knowles notes that adults seek out learning when appropriate to fulfill societal roles, and orientation to learning represented the skills or knowledge seek to either apply to daily problems in fulfilling the societal roles (Lee, 1998). Finally, learning becomes less subject-oriented and more problem-centered (Lee, 1998). In 1984, Knowles added a fifth assumption that suggested that adults are internally motivated rather than externally motivated, and in 1990 a sixth the need to know why something must be learned prior to learning it and its justification for being learned (Fall, 1998).

Impact of FIIs on Indian Stock Market for a period of 2006 2009

Impact of FIIs on Indian deport up Market for a period of 2006 2009Indian economy has been witnessing a phenomenal ripening since the dwell decade. The country is still holding its ground in the midst of the current global m one(a)tary crisis. In fact, global enthronization firm, Moodys, says that dictated by renewed development in India and chinawargon, the world economy is beginning to recover from the one of the worst sparing down numerals in decades.The harvest in factual glaring Domestic Product at factor cost s in additiond at 6.7 % in 2008-09. While the sector-wise growth of GDP in agriculture, forestry and fishing was at 1.6 % in 2008-09, exertion witnessed growth to 3.9 % of the GDP in 2008-09.The Prime Minister, Dr Manmohan Singh, on August 15, 2009, in his address to the nation on its 63rd Independence Day, said that the Government allow for satiate every possible step to restore annual economic growth to 9 %.Further, the World Bank has projected an 8 % grow th for India in 2010, which give make it the fastest-growing economy for the first-class honours degree time, overtaking Chinas expected 7.7 % growth.A tally of leading indicators, such as make up in hiring, payload movement at major ports and encouraging data from a number of key manufacturing segments, such as steel and cement, signify that the downturn has bottomed tabu and loftylight the Indian economys resilience. Recent indicators from leading indices, such as Nomuras Composite Leading Index (CLI), UBS Lead Economic Indicator (LEI) and ABN Amro Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), too bear bug out this optimism in the Indian economy.Industrial output as measured by the index of industrial production (IIP) clocked an annual growth crop of 6.8 % in July 2009, jibe to the Central Statistical Organisation.Significantly, among the major economies in the Asia-Pacific region, Indias private domestic consumption as sh ar of GDP, at 57 % in 2008, was the highest, match to an an alysis by the McKinsey Global prove.Meanwhile, unconnected institutional dowerors (FIIs) turned net buyers in the Indian commercialise in 2009. FIIs inflows into the Indian equity market places prepare moved(p) US$ 10 jillion in the April to September period of 2009-10.Foreign direct investings (FDI) into India went up from US$ 25.1 billion in 2007 to US$ 46.5 Indian economy has been witnessing a phenomenal growth since the last decade. The country is still holding its ground in the midst of the current global financial crisis. In fact, global investment firm, Moodys, says that driven by renewed growth in India and China, the world economy is beginning to recover from the one of the worst economic downturns in decades.The growth in real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at factor cost stood at 6.7 % in 2008-09. While the sector-wise growth of GDP in agriculture, forestry and fishing was at 1.6 % in 2008-09, industry witnessed growth to 3.9 % of the GDP in 2008-09.The Prime Min ister, , on August 15, 2009, in his address to the nation on its 63rd Independence Day, said that the Government will grow every possible step to restore annual economic growth to 9 %. Further, the World Bank has projected an 8 % growth for India in 2010, which will make it the fastest-growing economy for the first time overtaking Chinas expected 7.7 % growth.A number of leading indicators, such as increase in hiring, freight movement at major ports and encouraging data from a number of key manufacturing segments, such as steel and cement, indicate that the downturn has bottomed out and highlight the Indian economys resilience. Recent indicators from leading indices, such as Nomuras Composite Leading Index (CLI), UBS Lead Economic Indicator (LEI) and ABN Amro Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), too bear out this optimism in the Indian economy.Industrial output as measured by the index of industrial production (IIP) clocked an annual growth rate of 6.8 % in July 2009, consort to the C entral Statistical Organization.Significantly, among the major economies in the Asia-Pacific region, Indias private domestic consumption as share of GDP, at 57 % in 2008, was the highest, fit to an analysis by the McKinsey Global Institute.Meanwhile, strange institutional investors (FIIs) turned net buyers in the Indian market in 2009. FIIs inflows into the Indian equity markets have touched US$ 10 billion in the April to September period of 2009-10.Foreign direct investments (FDI) into India went up from US$ 25.1 billion in 2007 to US$ 46.5 billion in 2008, achieving a 85.1 % growth in FDI flows, the highest across countries, check to a recent study by the United Nations Conference on Trade growing (UNCTAD). fit in to the Asian Development Banks (ADB) Asia Capital Markets Monitor report, the Indian equity market has emerged as the third biggest after China and Hong Kong in the emerging Asian region, with a market corkingization of nearly US$ 600 billion. The Economic scenario Indian investors have emerged as the most optimistic group in Asia, according to the Quarterly Investor fascia Sentiment quite a little by global financial services group, ING. As per the survey, around 84 % of the Indian respondents expect the form market to rise in the third quarter of 2009.With outside(prenominal) assets growing by more than 100 per cent annually in recent years, Indian multinational enterprises (MNEs) have fashion significant investors in global business markets and India is rapidly staking a claim to being a true global business power, according to a survey by the Indian School of Business and the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International investment funds.In its optimistic report on macroeconomic and Monetary Development of the economy in 2009, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) said overall business sentiment was slated for a sharp improvement from that in the April-June 2009 quarter.Further, India and China will soon emerge as the p touch onred desti nations for foreign investors, revealed Economy.com, the research arm of global rating agency Moodys. The countrys foreign exchange reserves come up by US$ 1.28 billion to touch US$ 277.64 billion for the week ended September 4, 2009, according to figures released in the RBIs Weekly Statistical Supplement. Net inflows by various non-resident Indians (NRIs) deposits surged from US$ 179 one million million million in 2007-08 to US$ 3,999 million in 2008-09, according to the RBI. The most recent World Bank update on migration and remittances reveals that the remittances of US$ 52 billion by overseas Indians in 2008 makes it Indias roundst source of foreign exchange. India, along with China and Mexico, retained its position as one of the top recipients of migrant remittances among ontogenesis countries in 2008. FDI inflows into India in April-May 2009-10 have surged by 13 % at US$ 4.2 billion as against the previous two months driven by recuperation in the global financial mark ets. Cumulative FDI in India from April 2000 to March 2009 stood at about US$ 90 billion. FIIs inflows into the Indian equity markets have touched US$ 10 billion in the April to September period of 2009-10. Venture Capital firms invested US$ 117 million over 27 deals in India during the six months ending June 2009, according to a study by Venture Intelligence in partnership with the Global-India Venture Capital Association. The private equity (PE) investment into the country reached US$ 1.03 billion during April-June 2009-registering an increase of 17 % sequentially-according to data compiled by SMC Capitals, an equity research and analysis firm. The year-on-year (y-o-y) aggregate bank deposits stood at 21.2 per cent as on January 2, 2009. Bank point of reference touched 24 % (y-o-y) on January 2, 2009, as against 21.4 % on January 4, 2008. Since October 2008, the RBI has cut the cash reserve ratio (CRR) and the repo rate by 400 basis points each. Also, the reversion repo rate has been lowered by 200 basis points. Till April 7, 2009, the CRR had further been lowered by 50 basis points, while the repo and reverse repo rates have been lowered by 150 basis points each. Exports from special economic zones (SEZs) rose 33 per cent during the year to end-March 2009. Exports from such tax-free manufacturing hubs congeriesled US$ 18.16 billion last year up from US$ 13.60 billion a year before. India Incs erect book has more than doubled to an all-time high of US$ 15.32 billion in the second quarter of the current financial year, compared to the first quarter. On a year-on-year basis, the increase is 21 per cent. Advance tax collections for the second quarter of the current financial year (2009-10) have shown robust growth of 35 to 40 per cent across industries. The domestic mutual fund industry registered a moderate growth of 5 per cent in its assets under management (AUM) in August 2009 at US$ 15,702, due to good performance by debt funds. India exported a total of 230,000 cars, vans, sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and trucks between January and July 2009, a growth of 18 per cent owing to its liberal investment policies and high quality manufacturing that stems from its growing prowess in research and development. Indias gems and jewellery exports regained momentum and aggregated to US$ 1.9 billion in July 2009 as compared to US$ 1.7 billion in June 2009. The total Merger and acquisition (MA) deals registered during the first seven months of this year stand at 158 with a value of US$ 5.91 billion, while PE deals stand at 114, totalling a value of US$ 4.89 billion, according to consulting firm, yielding Thornton Investments in the Indian post market through and through participatory notes (PNs) crossed US$ 20.65 billion-mark in May 2009. Sustainable life force investment in India went up to US$ 3.7 billion in 2008, up 12 per cent since 2007, according a report titled Global Trends in Sustainable Energy Investment 2009. The unso phisticated India growth storyThe Indian growth story is spreading to the rural and semi-urban areas as well. The next phase of growth is expected to come from rural markets with rural India traceing for almost half of the domestic retail market, valued over US$ 300 billion. Rural India is set to witness an economic boom, with per capita income having fully grown by 50 per cent over the last 10 years, mainly on account of rising commodity prices and improved productivity. Development of basic foundation, multiplication of employment guarantee schemes, better information services and access to funding are in like manner bringing prosperity to rural households.Per Capita IncomePer capita income of Indian individuals stood at US$ 773.54 in 2008-09, according to Central Statistical Organization data. The per capita income in India stood at US$ 687.03 in 2007-08 and has risen by over one-third from US$ 536.79 in 2005-06 to US$ 773.54 in 2008-09.Advantage India According to the World Fact Book, India is among the worlds youngest nations with a median age of 25 years as compared to 43 in japan and 36 in USA. Of the BRIC-Brazil, Russia, India and China-countries, India is projected to stay the youngest with its working-age population estimated to rise to 70 % of the total demographic by 2030, the largest in the world. India will see 70 million new entrants to its workforce over the next 5 years. India has the second largest area of arable land in the world, making it one of the worlds largest food producers-over 200 million tonnes of foodgrains are produced annually. India is the worlds largest producer of milk (100 million tonnes per annum), sugarcane (315 million tonnes per annum) and tea (930 million kg per annum) and the second largest producer of rice, fruit and vegetables. With the largest number of listed companies 10,000 across 23 stock exchanges, India has the third largest investor base in the world. Indias healthy banking system with a network of 7 0,000 branches is among the largest in the world. According to a study by the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), Indias consumer market will be the worlds fifth largest (from twelfth) in the world by 2025 and Indias middle class will swell by over ten times from its current size of 50 million to 583 million people by 2025. India, which recorded production of 22.14 million tonne of steel during April-August 2009, is likely to emerge as the worlds third largest steel producer in the current year. India continues to be the most preferred destination-among 50 top countries-for companies looking to offshore their information technology (IT) and back-office functions, according to global management consultancy, AT Kearney. The Indian stock markets have risen to be amongst the best performers globally across the emerging and developed markets in 2009 year-to-date, according to an analytical study by MSCI Barra indices. India has reclaimed its position as the most attractive destination for global retailers despite the downturn, according to the Global Retail Development Index (GRDI) brought out by US-based global management consulting firm, A T Kearney. Growth potential According to the Young report titled India 2012 Telecom growth continues, Indias telecom services industry revenues are projected to reach US$ 54 billion in 2012, up from US$ 31 billion in 2008. The Indian telecom industry registered the highest number of subscriber additions at 15.84 million in March 2009, setting a global record. A McKinsey report, The rise of Indian Consumer Market, estimates that the Indian consumer market is likely to grow four times by 2025, which is currently valued at US$ 511 billion. India ranks among the top 12 producers of manufacturing value added (MVA)-witnessing an increase of 12.3 % in its MVA output in 2005-2007 as against 6.9 % in 2000-2005-according to the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). In textiles, the country is ranked 4th, while in galvanic machinery apparatus it is ranked fifth. It holds 6th position in the basic metals category seventh in chemicals and chemical products 10th in leather, leather products, refined oil products nuclear fuel twelfth in machinery and equipment motor vehicles. In a development slated to enhance Indias macroeconomic health as well as energy security, Reliance Industries has commenced natural gas production from its D-6 block in the Krishna-Godavari (KG) basin. India has a market value of US$ 270.98 billion in low-carbon and environmental goods services (LCEGS). With a 6 % share of the US$ 4.32 trillion global market, the country is tied with Japan at the third position. PE players are planning to vacate funds for the infrastructure sector. Presently, around US$ 1.42 billion is being raised by India-dedicated infrastructure funds, according to data released by Preqin, a global firm that tracks PE and alternative assets. Infrastructure, including roads, power, highways, airports, ports and railways, has emerged as an asset class with long-term growth that can provide relatively stable returns. NASSCOM has estimated that the IT-BPO industry will witness an export growth of 4-7 % and domestic market growth of 15-18 % in 2009-10. Further, it has projected that around 40,000 students will be absorbed by IT companies this fiscal. With the availability of the 3G spectrum, about 275 million Indian subscribers will use 3G-enabled services, and the number of 3G-enabled handsets will reach close to 395 million by 2013-end.Exchange rate apply1 USD = 48.21 INR (as on July)1 USD = 47.81 INR (as on September)FIISForeign Institutional Investors is used to denote an investor it is more often than not of the form of an institution or entity which invests money in the financial markets of a country. The term FII is most commonly used in India to refer to companies that are established or incorporated outside India, and is investing in the financial markets of I ndia. These investors must register with the Securities Exchange Board of India to take part in the market.Foreign investment refers to investments do by residents of a country in another countrys financial assets and production processes. After the opening up of the borders for capital movement, foreign investments in India have grown enormously. It affects the productivity factors of the receiver country and has the potential to create a ripple effect on the bop of the country. In developing countries like india, foreign capital helps in increasing the productivity of labor and to build up foreign exchange reserves to meet the current account deficit. It provides a channel through which these countries can have access to foreign capital.Foreign investments can be of two forms foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment. FDI involves direct production activity and has a medium to long term investment plans. In contrast the FPI has a short term investment horizon. T hey mostly investment in the financial markets which consist of FIIs. They invest in domestic financial markets like money market, stock market, foreign exchange market and so forthFIIs investments are volatile in nature, and they mostly invest in the emerging markets. They usually keep in mind the potential of a particular market to grow. FII has lead a significant improvement in India relating to the flow of foreign capital during the period of post economic reforms. The inflow of FII investments has helped the stock market to raise at a greater height according to financial analysts. Sensex touched a new height. It crossed 10000-mark in Jan 2006 which was 9323 in 2005. FII participation in the Indian stock market triggers its upward movement, but at the same time increased liquidity through FII investment inflow increases volatility.HISTORY OF FIIIndia opened its stock market to foreign investors in September 1992, and in 1993, received portfolio investment from foreigners in the form of foreign institutional investment in equities. This has become one of the main channels of FII in India for foreigners. Initially, at that place were many terms and tallys which restricted many FIIs to invest in India. But in the course of time, in order to attract more investors, SEBI has simplified many terms such as The ceiling for overall investments of FIIs was increased 24% of the paid up capital of Indian company. Allowed foreign individuals and hedge funds to directly register as FIIs. Investment in government securities was increased to US $ 5 Billion. Simplified registration norms. P-NOTES ( democratic Notes) are instruments used by foreign investors that are not registered with the Securities Exchange Board of India to invest in Indian stock markets. For example, Indian-based brokerages buy India-based securities and then issue Participatory Notes to foreign investors. Any dividends or capital gains collected from the underlying securities go back to the in vestors. That is why they are also called Offshore Derivative Instruments. Trading through Participatory Notes is easy because participatory notes are like contract notes transferable by endorsement and delivery. Secondly, some of the entities route their investment through Participatory Notes to take advantage of the tax laws of certain preferred countries. Thirdly, Participatory Notes are popular because they provide a high degree of anonymity, which enables large hedge funds to state out their operations without disclosing their identity.The first question that we need to ask is the necessity of FIIs as an instrument for investment into India. This is not a common place of markets if, for example, a non-resident of the US or of England chooses to invest in an American or an English or a German stock, he does not have to hold his investment indirectly through an FII, but can hold it directly in his own name. An FII in India is a superfluous addition created simply to suit the reg ulatory requirements of SEBI.FIIs serve no economic purpose but they exist in order to provide SEBI with a bureaucratic layer between a foreign investor and the regulator. It enables SEBI to pretend that it controls foreign investors when in fact SEBI has no control on the ultimate investor. It is a good example of obscuring the true character of foreign investment in India through a non-transparent and expensive set-up. The P-Note is an additional twist in this indirect investment as it enables those who wish to invest in the Indian market to do so without disclosing their identity. FIIs jounce on the Indian economyThe Indian stock markets are both shallow and narrow and the movement of stock depends on limited number of stocks. As FIIs purchases and sells these stocks there is a high degree of volatility in the stock market. If any set of development encourages outflow of capital that will increase the vulnerability of the situation. The high degree of volatility can be attribute d to the following reasons The increase in investments by FIIs increases stock indices in turn increases the stock prices and encourages further investments. In this event, if any correction takes place the stock prices declines and there will be full out by the FIIs in large number as earning per share declines. The FIIs manipulate the situation of boom in such a manner that they wait till the index raises up to a certain height an exit at an appropriate time. This tendency increases the volatility further. So even though the portfolio investment by FIIs increases the flow of money in the economic system, it may create problems of inflation.FIIs Influence in Indian Stock MarketInstitutional Investor is any investor or investment fund that is from or registered in a country outside of the one in which it is currently investing. Institutional investors include hedge funds, insurance companies, pension funds and mutual funds. The growing Indian market had attracted the foreign investo rs, which are called Foreign Institutional Investors to Indian equity market, and in this paper, we are trying a simple attempt to explain the impact and extent of foreign institutional investors in Indian stock market. What does the name FII means? It is the abbreviation of Foreign Institutional Investors. The term is used most commonly in India to refer to outside companies investing in the financial markets of India. International institutional investors must register with the Securities Exchange Board of India to participate in the market. peerless of the major market regulations pertaining to FIIs involves placing limits on FII ownership in Indian companies. They actually evaluate the shares and deposits in a portfolio. The major source (almost 50%) of money the FIIs invest is from the issue of Participatory Notes (P-Notes) or what are sometimes called Offshore Derivatives.There are over 1484 FIIs and 38 foreign brokers registered to Securities Exchange Board of India. We ar e also examining whether market movement can be explained by these investors. We often hear that whenever there is a rise in market, it is explained that it is due to foreign investors money and a decline in market is termed as withdrawal of money from FIIs.After 1991, due to our liberalization process, there was large flow of foreign funds from abroad. Investments by FII are Rs. 2,55,464.40 Crores as compared to Rs. 2,83,468.40 Crores by the end of 31 December 2007. That implies that they had withdrawn almost 9% of money they had deposited till December 2007. The amount was much in the months of 2008 as compared to corresponding months of 2007, and that is a reason for the volatility of the stock market. In 2008, the net buying is only Rs. 5,603 Crores compared to Rs. 36,869 Crores in 2007. A more investments by FIIs indicate that they are confident in Indian market. Usually, the mode of operations of FIIs was taking loans from countries where interest is low (like Japan) and inves ts in booming markets like India. But the sub-prime crisis and other economic conditions had caused a liquidity crunch for these institutions. So they are forced to withdraw money from Indian market so as to repay loans they had taken. These withdrawals had caused panic in market, and even domestic investors are making them sell their shares. But one aspect we should agree on is that the FIIs increased role had changed the face of Indian stock market. It had brought both quantitative and qualitative change. It had also increased the market depth and breadth. Emphasize is on fundamentals had caused efficient pricing of shares. Since there is no condition on FIIs that they should disclose in which company they are investing, those figures are not available.Many qualitative tests like regression tests had proved that there is direct telling between market movements and fund flows of FIIs. In this, we will analyze the investments in different months and years, and tries to find the imp act of FIIs in stock market.Investments of FIIs on Indian Stock MarketThe current investments of FIIs is Rs. 2,55,464.40 Crores. This is almost 9% of the total market capitalization. If we explain the things in simple terms, market pundits often attribute the rally of stock market and turn over of stock market to the flow of funds by FIIs. We often hear the terms FIIs Fuel the Market Run. If we analyze the impacts, then the major impacts are They increased depth and breadth of the market. They played major role in expanding securities business. Their policy on focusing on fundamentals of the shares had caused efficient pricing of shares. These impacts made the Indian stock market more attractive to FIIs and also domestic investors, which involve the other major player Mutual Funds. The impact of FIIs is so high that whenever FIIs tend to withdraw the money from market, the domestic investors become fearful and they also withdraw from market.Just to show the impact, we analyze b elow the 10 biggest supervenes of stock market Day (Point loss in India)Gross Purchase (Rs. Crores)Gross Sales (Rs. Crores)Net Investments (Rs. Crores) 21/01/2008 (1408)3062.001060.302001.80 22/01/2008 (875)2813.301618.201195.10 18/01/2008 (687)1077.201348.40-271.20 17/12/2007 (826)670.00869.00-199.00 21/11/2007 (678)640.70791.80-151.10 18/10/2007 (717)1107.001372.50-265.50 16/08/2007 (643)989.50750.30239.20 02/08/2007 (617)534.50542.00-7.50 01/08/2007 (615)809.40956.90-147.50 18/05/2006 (856)761.80527.40234.40Major Intra Day Collapses in BSE SensexFrom this table, we can see that the major falls are tended to(p) by the withdrawal of investments by FIIs. Take the case on January 18, 2008, the Sensex lost almost 687 points. Here, the net sales by FIIs were Rs. 1348.40 Crores. This is a major contributor to the fall on that day. But contrary to that day, take the case on January 21, 2008, the Sensex lost 1408 points and the gross sales was Rs. 1060.30 Crores and the purchases were Rs. 3062.00 Crores. So this can be concluded that after the fall of market, FIIs had invested again into the market. From this, we can see the effect of FIIs.Net Investments of FII from 2006-09YearNet Investment200636539.7200771486.52008-29169200915281.8Now we analyze the net investments graph from 2006 to 2008. From this, we can see that there was small decrease in investments in the year 2006. But there was a steep increase in the year 2007-08. This was the best period in Indian stock market where stock prices were increased and the market was in good mood.When we take the investments in 2008, the net investments is negative.

Socrates and Epicurus - Live Life Without Fear of Death Essay -- Why W

Many people seem to fear death, but philosophers such as Socrates and Epicurus would argue that hotshot has no reason to fear it. Socrates sees death as a blessing to be wished for if death is either nothingness or a relocation of the soul, whereas Epicurus argues that one shouldnt worry themselves about death since, once we are gone, death is annihilation which is neither good nor bad. Epicurus believes that death itself is a total pretermit of perception, wherein there is no pleasure or pain. I agree with Epicurus because Socrates doesnt give a sound argument for death as a blessing, whereas Epicurus argument is cogent. I would also argue person in ally that death is not something to be feared because, like Epicurus, I see no sufficient evidence showing we even follow after death. Socrates argues that one shouldnt fear death because it is actually a blessing. His premises for this conclusion are as follows. First of all, either death is nothingness or a relocation of the soul. If death is nothingness, then it is a blessing. If death is a relocation of the soul, then it is a blessing. Therefore death is a blessing (Platos apologia (1981) 40c-41c.) In examining this argument, it is valid because the premises do entail the conclusion. Socrates doesnt have to argue that death is nothingness or relocation. He simply had to show that if death is one or the other, it is a blessing. In order for this argument to be sound, however, the premises need to be true. The first premise immediately comes in to question because it appears to be a false dilemma. Socrates is asserting in his argument that there are only two avenues death might take, when in fact there could be other possibilities. For instance, couldnt death be an eternity of sta... ...nd void, the soul is a material thing that ceases to exist when the body dies. So I dont fear death since I will just simply cease to exist. Being able to live life without fear of death would vastly improve peoples dispos itions. I think we all should take a cue from Epicurus argument and seize the day, rather than wasting our time on irrational fears. Works Cited Epicurus. The Epicurus Reader Selected Writings and Testimonia. Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 1994. Translated and edited by Brad Inwood and L.P. Gerson. Lucretius. The Way Things Are. Indiana University Press, 1969. Translated by Rolfe Humphries. Plato. The Apology. Hackett Publishing Company, 1981. Translated by G.M.A. Grube. Shakespeare,William. Hamlet. The Norton Anthology of World Literature.2nded.Vol.C.Ed.SarahLawall.NewYorkNorton,2005.Print.

The Heart Of Darkness :: Essays Papers

The Heart Of Darkness The novel, Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, is literally about Marlows journey into the Belgian Congo, but symbolically about the discovery of his smell and soul during his journey, only to find that it is consumed by darkness. He realizes that the man he admired and respected most, is really demonic and that he may be only if like him. He is able to come to this realization however, before it takes the best of him. The main character of the story, Marlow, is a thirty-two year old English gob who has been traveling all his life. All he really wants is to find some shred of goodness in the European domination of Africa. He finds his thoughts completely consumed by one man named Kurtz. Kurtz is a man in charge of the most successful ivory business in the Congo. He is the focus in the novel, in that he is the one whom the other characters react to. Marlows thoughts are so consumed by Kurtz, that he is built up to be much more of a man than he truly is. In tu rn, Marlow is setting himself up for a let down. He says at one point, I seemed to see Kurtz for the first time...the solitary white man turning his back suddenly on the headquarters, on relief, on thoughts of home...towards his empty and desolate station(P.32). When Marlow reaches Kurtzs station, he begins to become disillusioned. He begins to hear about, and even see, the acts that Kurtz is committing, and becomes afraid of him. He sees in Kurtz, what he could become, and wants nothing to do with it. He does not want people to know he has any(prenominal) type of relationship with him, and says in response to the Russian, I suppose that it had not occurred to him that Mr. Kurtz was no idol of mine. (P.59). It is at this point that he begins to discover the darkness in his heart.Towards the end of the story, right before Kurtz dies, Marlow looks at Kurtz, and says I saw on that ivory face the expression of somber pride, of ruthless power, of craven terror-of an intense and hearts ick despair. (P.118), and then Kurtz screams, The horror, the horror. (P.118) and he dies. He is referring to what he sees inside himself. This is just what Marlow was afraid he was becoming, he looked deep inside himself, and saw Kurtz.

Shakespeare :: essays research papers

SCENE II. Paris. The female monarchs palace.Flourish of cornets. Enter the KING of France, with letters, and divers Attendants KING The Florentines and Senoys are by the earsHave fought with equal fortune and continueA braving war.First Lord So tis reported, sir.KING Nay, tis most credible we here get itA certainty, vouchd from our cousin Austria,With caution that the Florentine will move usFor speedy aid wherein our dearest friendPrejudicates the business and would seemTo have us make denial.First Lord His love and wisdom,Approved so to your majesty, may pleadFor amplest credence.KING He hath armd our answer,And Florence is denied before he comesYet, for our gentlemen that mean to seeThe Tuscan service, freely have they leaveTo stand on either part.Second Lord It well may serveA nursery to our gentry, who are relentlessFor breathing and exploit.KING Whats he comes here?Enter BERTRAM, LAFEU, and PAROLLESFirst Lord It is the Count Rousillon, my good lord,Young Bertram.KING Youth, thou bearst thy fathers faceFrank nature, sort of curious than in haste,Hath well composed thee. Thy fathers moral partsMayst thou inherit too Welcome to Paris.BERTRAM My thanks and duty are your majestys.KING I would I had that corporal soundness now,As when thy father and myself in friendshipFirst tried our soldiership He did look farInto the service of the sentence and wasDiscipled of the bravest he lasted longBut on us both did haggish age steal onAnd wore us out of act. It much repairs meTo talk of your good father. In his youthHe had the wit which I can well observeTo-day in our young lords and they may jestTill their own dislike return to them unnotedEre they can hide their levity in honourSo like a courtier, contempt nor bitternessWere in his pride or hardship if they were,His equal had awaked them, and his honour,Clock to itself, knew the true minute whenException bid him speak, and at this timeHis tongue obeyd his hand who were below himHe used as creatures of some o ther placeAnd bowd his eminent top to their low ranks,Making them proud of his humility,In their poor praise he humbled. Such a manMight be a copy to these younger timesWhich, followd well, would demonstrate them nowBut goers backward.BERTRAM His good remembrance, sir,Lies richer in your thoughts than on his tombSo in approof lives not his epitaphAs in your royal speech.KING Would I were with him He would always say--Methinks I hear him now his plausive wordsHe scatterd not in ears, but grafted them,